Distribution of taenia solium infection, worldwide. This model, originally developed for microparasitic infections i. Infections with these cestodes are therefore a serious public health problem in areas of endemicity. The most important health problem is infection by the cysticerci, cysticercosis. Cysticercus cellulosae it is soybeanlike in shape has a small scolex invaginated into the translucent cyst left the scolex evaginated from the cyst right mode of infection 1. Complications of pork tapeworm may include cysticercosis types of taenia that cause infections in humans include taenia solium pork. The pork tapeworm taenia solium can cause two different infections in humans. We searched the biomedical literature for reports documenting cases of cysticercosis acquired in the united states. It is also responsible for cysticercosis, an infection of humans by the larval stage of t.
Our objective was to evaluate the utility of public health surveillance for t. Ppt taenia solium taeniasis cysticercosis powerpoint. Although many species exist, two species, taenia saginata and taenia solium, cause pathology in humans. Taenia saginata, cestoda, beef tapeworm, taeniosis, bovine cysticercosis, north and south america. Solium taeniasis trichiura trichiura taeniasis viruses. Risk factors for taeniasis prevalence in rural sichuan. Pdf taeniasis is a parasitic disease due to infection with tapeworms belonging to the genus taenia. Epidemiology of taenia saginata taeniosiscysticercosis parasites. Pdf human taeniasiscysticercosis caused by the pork tapeworm taenia. Abstract taenia solium is a zoonotic cestode that causes taeniasis and cysticercosis in humans.
Transmission of the parasite is linked to environmental and behavioural factors such as inadequate sanitation and hygiene, poor pig management, and consumption of infected pork. If so, share your ppt presentation slides online with. Infection is initiated by the development of the cysticercus in the human intestinal tract over a period of 2 months. Adult tapeworms develop to maturity and may reside in the small intestine for years. Epidemiology of taenia saginata taeniosiscysticercosis. The list of other animals that may act as definitive or intermediate hosts of taenia solium is large but clinically irrelevant. Preventive chemotherapy can be implemented by treating the whole population in endemic areas at regular intervals known as mass drug administration. Simulating transmission and control of taenia solium. Parasitology taenia saginata beef tapeworm taeniasis. Taenia saginata and taenia solium are the two taeniids of greatest economic and medical importance, causing bovine and porcine cysticercosis and taeniasis in humans. Human taeniasiscysticercosis annals of gastroenterology. It belongs to the phylum platyhelminthes, class cestoidea, order cyclophyllidea, family taeniidae. Taenia solium is a cestode species that causes taeniasis and cysticercosis in humans.
In general terms, tapeworms are complex organisms having complex life cycles that require at least two hosts for their completion. Hostparasite interaction and parasite compartments somatic antigens. Taenia solium cysticercosis and taeniasis in urban. Dec 15, 2016 taenia solium taeniasis is seen in the united states, typically among latin american immigrants. Taenia solium tapeworm infections can lead to cysticercosis, which is a disease that can cause seizures, so it is important seek treatment. We implemented populationbased active surveillance to determine the incidence of cysticercosis. The parasite is traditionally found in developing countries where undercooked pork is consumed under poor sanitary conditions andor as part of. A lateral flow format of the hp10 agelisa is being tested. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Monitoring the outcomes of interventions against taenia. Cysts evaginate and attach to the small intestine by their scolices. Symptoms may occasionally include weight loss or abdominal pain. Differential diagnosis of taenia saginata and taenia solium. Taenia solium infection taeniasis is an intestinal infection with adult tapeworms that follows ingestion of contaminated pork.
Stool specimens should be collected on three different days and examined in the lab for taenia eggs using a microscope. Adult worms may cause mild gastrointestinal symptoms or passage of a motile segment in the stool. Once the eggs are in the intestinal tract, the actions of bile and pancreatic enzymes dissolve their protective coatings. World health organization fiftyfifth world health assembly a5523 provisional agenda item. The highest prevalences are in latin america, africa, and south and southeast asia. A type of taeniasis called cysticercosis is caused by accidental infection with the eggs of t. Serological tests have been used for the diagnosis of taenia solium infection in pigs. Humans acquire cysticercosis by ingesting microscopic t solium. General provisions infection with taenia solium is a zoonotic parasitic infection of pigs. Author summary taenia solium cysticercosis and taeniasis is a zoonotic disease complex which affects thousands of people in subsaharan africa. The two most important human pathogens in the genus are taenia solium the pork tapeworm and taenia saginata the beef tapeworm. Taeniasis is an infection within the intestines by adult tapeworms belonging to the genus taenia.
Humans can become infected with these tapeworms by eating raw or undercooked beef t. Taenia solium taeniasiscysticercosis infection is an im. Stakeholder meeting on taenia solium taeniasis cysticercosis diagnostic tools, who, geneva, december 2015. People with taeniasis typically have mild gastrointestinal symptoms or may be asymptomatic. Taeniasis and cysticercosis due to taenia solium in japan. Diagnostic tools for taenia solium and taenia saginata. Preventive chemotherapy for taeniasis in endemic populations is a useful tool for control of the parasite. Moreover, it is necessary to provide data on effective measures on the control of t. Human taeniasis is an infectious disease caused by the ingestion of the metacestode larval stage. However, those serological results do not necessarily correlate with the actual infection burden after performing pig necropsy. Taeniasis and cysticercosis are two diseases caused by taenia solium, a parasite transmitted between humans and pigs, leading to considerable economic loss and disabilities.
Taeniasis refers to the intestinal infection with the adult stage of the tapeworm, which is acquired by eating undercooked pork contaminated with cysticerci larval stage. Taenia solium taeniasis is seen in the united states, typically among latin american immigrants. There it will mature and increase its number of proglottids. Taeniasis incubation period and growth of pathogen. Public health implications of cysticercosis acquired in. Dec 22, 2010 cysticercosis has emerged as a cause of severe neurologic disease in the united states that primarily affects immigrants from latin america. Cure rate is an indicator of the efficacy of a drug, while the relative reduction in prevalence is an. Taenia solium pork tapeworm infection and cysticercosis. Note the four large suckers and rostellum containing two rows of hooks. Development of a health education intervention strategy using.
Humans are the only known definitive hosts for the t. Taeniasis in humans is a parasitic infection caused by the tapeworm species taenia saginata beef tapeworm, taenia solium pork tapeworm, and taenia asiatica asian tapeworm. Cysticercosis has emerged as a cause of severe neurologic disease in the united states that primarily affects immigrants from latin america. Printed by the who document production services, geneva, switzerland. Prevention and control of taenia solium taeniasiscysticercosis in peru.
Cysticercosis is caused by infection with taenia solium, a tapeworm cestode. Taenia asiatica is limited to asia and is seen mostly in the republic of korea, china, taiwan, indonesia, and thailand. Pdf taeniasis and cysticercosis due to taenia solium in japan. Taeniasis incubation period and growth of pathogen taeniasis infects animals through contaminated vegetation humans become infected by consuming raw or undercooked meat. The model consists of a coupled system of differential equations, which are densitydependent equations for. Taenia solium taeniasis cysticercosis is the property of its rightful owner. The parasite is endemic in bali due to a mix of cultural. Here, we undertake a critical assessment of the diagnostic tests which are currently available for human t. Anthelminthic treatment for 32 tapeworm carriers identified 11 cases of taeniasis among reindeer herders. A mathematical model of the transmission dynamics of taeniasiscysticercosis is formulated.
The transmission dynamics of the humanpig zoonotic cestode taenia solium are explored with both deterministic and stochastic versions of a modified reedfrost model. May 14, 2014 video this entry was posted in biology in human welfare, intermediate em 1 and tagged cysticircosis, fertilization in t. Human infection begins with the ingestion of infected raw or undercooked pork. Molyneux d, hallaj z, keusch gt, mcmanus dp, ngowi h. Pdf taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis in southeast asia. Continued the effectiveness of a peracetic acid paa. Taenia solium is one of the many species of cestodes tapeworms that can infect humans flisser 1994.
However, the recent increase in international tourism and immigration is spreading the disease into nonendemic developed countries such. The numbers of infective eggs expelled by an adult tapeworm may easily be over 100 000 in a day, and. As african towns and suburbs grow rapidly and disproportionally, adequate infrastructure such as sewage systems and clean water often lack. Epidemiology of taeniosiscysticercosis in europe, a systematic. Humans can also serve as the definitive host for t solium and have the adult form in their intestine known as taeniasis. This study aimed to evaluate the electro immuno transfer blot eitb seropositivity with infection burden in naturally infected pigs. Jul 18, 2017 by developing a taeniasis coproantigen assay, we could screen subjects at high risk for taeniasis, especially food handlers, to improve us food safety and to prevent neurocysticercosis in the us population. Taeniasis is a parasitic disease due to infection with tapeworms belonging to the genus taenia. Identified literature supporting the presence of taenia saginata in the americas during 19902017. Moreover, the relevance of cysticercosis as a public health problem has been highlighted by local transmission. Taenia solium taeniasis is a foodborne illness caused by the consumption of pork that has been infected with juvenile tapeworms. History of taenia saginata tapeworms in northern russia. Taeniasis has been reported at lower rates in eastern europe, spain, and portugal. We confirmed sympatric occurrence of taenia solium, t.
However, there is no consensus about the most appropriate or valuable methods that should be used. The parasite is traditionally found in developing countries where undercooked pork is consumed under poor sanitary conditions andor as part of traditional food cultures. Taenia solium taeniosiscysticercosis one health commission. Modelling for taenia solium control strategies beyond 2020. In the case of taenia solium, humans are the most important definitive hosts, whereas both pigs and humans are the main intermediate hosts. This parasite has a humanpig life cycle and has been considered a public health problem mainly in rural areas. Infection with taenia solium adults is usually asymptomatic. Pdf s and list of publications there are many examples of various reagents etc. Recent advancements in the control of taenia solium. This differs from taeniasis, which is an intestinal infection with the adult tapeworm.
Pathogenesis of taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis. Taeniasiscysticercosis has a very high biotic potential. Polio, echo, coxsackie gastroenteritis, heart abnormalities, meningitis hepatitis a infectious hepatitis norwalk virus gastroenteritis rotavirus gastroenteritis table 1. The third species taenia asiatica is found only in east asia. Differential diagnosis of taenia saginata and taenia. The armed scolex may cause some inflammation of the intestinal wall, and rarely may penetrate the intestine, causing peritonitis. Pdf human taeniasiscysticercosis caused by the pork tapeworm taenia solium has been identified as a potentially eradicable disease by the. Pdf taenia solium is a zoonotic cestode that causes taeniasis and cysticercosis in humans. The differential diagnosis for this type of lesion includes brain tumors, hydatidosis, tuberculomas, or multiple sclerosis. So, it is easy to expect that sudden death or sudden seizure attack or convulsion at. The beef tapeworm, taenia saginata, causing cysticercosis in bovines and taeniosis in humans, is thought to have a global distribution. Cdc taeniasis general information frequently asked.
Tapeworm eggs can be detected in the stool 2 to 3 months after the tapeworm infection is established. By developing a taeniasis coproantigen assay, we could screen subjects at high risk for taeniasis, especially food handlers, to improve us food safety and to prevent neurocysticercosis in the us population. Taenia solium infection has been recognized since biblical times and the parasite life cycle has been identified by the 1850s. The proposed approaches should be tailored to the specific setting of the country, taking. In 1956, taeniasis in an indigenous person in the krasnoselkup region in the yamalonenets autonomous okrug yanao caused concern about spread of t. Most people with tapeworm infections have no symptoms or mild symptoms.
In this form of infection, humans and pigs serve as the intermediate host and have the cystic larval form in their tissues. Symptoms may include abdominal discomfort, weight loss, anorexia, nausea, insomnia, weakness, perianal pruritus, and nervousness. People with taeniasis may not know they have a tapeworm infection because symptoms are usually mild or nonexistent. Public health implications of cysticercosis acquired in the. Neurocysticercosis and epilepsy ncc may present with a single intraparenchymal brain lesion with nodular or ring enhancement detected with the use of contrast in neuroimaging studies figure 4. In eastern and southern africa, cattle production plays a crucial role in the economy, but a clear overview of the prevalence of t. Globally, the availability of a pointofcare test for taeniasis coproantigen would support the effort to control and eliminate t. Taenia solium, a human cestode parasite endemic throughout most of southeast asia, causes a number of public health and economic problems. Local intestinal inflammatory reactions leading to abdominal pain, hunger pain, indigestion, diarrhoea, or constipation. Taenia solium is a zoonotic cestode that causes taeniasis and cysticercosis in humans. Taeniasis is a tapeworm cestode infection acquired by the ingestion of raw or undercooked meat of infected animals. In response, two groups working on taeniasis and cysticercosis mathematical models cystisim and epicyst models, together with a range of.
Taeniasis is generally asymptomatic, but severe infection causes weight loss, dizziness, abdominal pain, diarrhea, headaches, nausea, constipation, chronic indigestion, and loss of appetite. Development of a health education intervention strategy. Cysticercosis of the central nervous system neurocysticercosis is caused by the larval stage cysticerci of the pork tapeworm taenia solium. While taeniasis is contained to the small intestine and. Complications of pork tapeworm may include cysticercosis. Taenia solium is the aetiological agent of human taeniasis, pig cysticercosis and human neurocysticercosis, which are serious public health problems, especially in developing countries. Risk factors for taeniasis prevalence in rural sichuan province, china background.